Inoculate or Reflect? Two training interventions under prompting, steering, and patching
Comparison of Inoculation Prompting (IP) and Counterfactual Reflection Training (CRT) for sycophancy in Qwen3-8B, with behavioral and mechanistic (steering, patching) analysis. IP behaved like a gate (easily re-elicited); CRT behaved like a broader rewrite (harder to restore but overcorrected).
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